Shoot regeneration of Campanula carpatica Jacq. (Campanulaceae) via callus phase

Adult plants of Campanula carpatica Jacq. were obtained from shoots regenerated via callus derived from cotyledons of two cultivars: White Uniform and Blue Uniform. An optimized procedure used one medium, containing 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), BAP (6-benzylaminopurine), NAA (α-naphthalene acetic acid) for producing both callus and shoots from White Uniform and Blue Uniform. Transfer of shoots to hormone-free medium induced the growth of roots. When roots had developed, the plantlets were transferred to soil, and developed into mature plants under greenhouse conditions. The highest achieved rate of explants resulting in mature plants was 2.8%. There were no significant differences in overall regeneration efficiency, i.e. number of explants forming rooted shoots between these two cultivars. A third cultivar, Blue Clips, produced a few shoots of which none formed roots. Attempts to regenerate plants from hypocotyls or young leaves were not successful.