Potential of Nicotiana glauca (Grah.) as a source of resistance to black root rot Thielaviopsis basicola (Berk. and Broome) Ferr. in tobacco improvement

Nicotiana glauca, a wild relative of Nicotiana tabacum, is an attractive potential source of black root rot (Thielaviopsis basicola)-resistant germplasm. Moreover, it shows a resistance or tolerance to PVY, TEV, anthracnose and powdery mildew. In this study its potential as a source of resistance to black root rot caused by Th. basicola was investigated. Nicotiana glauca GG (2n = 2x = 24) was crossed as male with two N. tabacum TT (2n = 4x = 48) flue-cured cultivars: 'BY 103' and 'K 326'. both of which are susceptible to black root rot. Amphihaploid F 1 TG (2n = 3x = 36), amphidiploid TTGG (2n = 6x = 72) and sesquidiploid TTG (2n = 5x = 60) hybrids were obtained. The resultant sesquidiploid hybrids were used as maternal components in backcrossing to N. tabacum and a segregating post-sesquidiploid TTg (2n = 5x = 52-54) offspring was obtained. Amphihaploids exhibited a level of resistance to black root rot characteristic of N. glauca. The expression of resistance varied in the sesquidiploid generation, possibly reflecting cytojogical instabilities in that progeny. A wide variation in response to black root rot was found for post-sesquidiploids a clear reflection of extensive chromosome segregation in that hybrid generation.