Sponge-Derived 24-Homoscalaranes as Potent Anti-Inflammatory Agents

Scalarane-type sesterterpenoids are known for their therapeutic potential in cancer treatments. However, the anti-inflammatory properties of this class of metabolites remain elusive. Our current work aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory scalaranes from marine sponge Lendenfeldia sp., resulting in the isolation of six new 24-homoscalaranes, lendenfeldaranes E–J (1–6). The structures of the new metabolites were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses, and the absolute configuration of 1 was established by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 2 and 3 were discovered to individually reduce the generation of superoxide anions, and compound 1 displayed an inhibitor effect on the release of elastase. These three compounds were proven to be the first anti-neutrophilic scalaranes.