The Commitment of Spanish Local Governments to Sustainable Development Goal 11 from a Multivariate Perspective

The commitment of governments to sustainable development was materialised in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and later in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the latter being a more ambitious project that positions local governments as the main agents for its implementation. With the aim of improving the sustainability of cities, this research analyses the commitment of Spanish local governments to the SDG-11, indicating possible improvements with the aim of complying with Agenda 2030. We use the X-STATIS study technique with graphic representations. The results indicate a positive trend towards achieving SDG-11, in which progressive governments are concerned with issues of inclusive and sustainable urbanisation as a result of increased citizen participation, and conservative governments focus on slum upgrading and safety in inclusive and accessible public spaces. In addition, the ideological coincidence between different administrative levels is an impetus to the fulfilment of SDG-11.