Characteristics of dry matter production and accumulation and Super-High Yield of japonica super rice in South China.

The relationship between dry matter production and yield,dynamics of dry matter accumulation and output and translocation in middle and last stages of three types of populations(High Yield:8.25-9.75 t ha-1;Higher Yield:9.75-11.25 t ha-1;Super High Yield:11.25 t ha-1) in four japonica super rice(Wujing 15,Huaidao 9,Xudao 3 and Changyou 1) were analyzed.The results showed that yield was significantly positively correlated with weight of dry matter at maturity and the dry matter accumulation from heading to maturity,there were parabolic relationships between yield and weight of dry matter at heading in high yield,higher yield and super-high yield populations.Weight of dry matter from jointing to heading was significantly positively correlated with yield from high yield population to higher yield population and from higher yield population to super-high yield population.Super-high yield population had more biomass at maturity than higher yield and high yield populations,and the harvest index was not significantly higher than that of higher yield population,but was significantly higher than that of high yield population.Weight of dry matter,LAI in heading,rate of leaf area of productive tillers,rate of leaf area from flag leaf to 3rd leaf,spikelets of population and spikelets per square centimeter leaf area in middle stage(from jointing to heading) were significantly higher than these of higher yield and high yield populations.Leaf area decreasing per day of super-high yield population from heading to maturity was significantly less than that of higher yield and high yield populations.Leaf area duration,crop growth rate,net assimilation rate,biomass and grain-leaf ratio(filled grains per square centimeter leaf area,grain weight per square centimeter leaf area) from heading to maturity were significantly higher than these of higher yield and high yield populations.Output and translocation of dry matter in super-high yield population from heading to milky stages were significantly higher than these of higher yield and high yield populations,while these from heading to maturity were significantly lower than these of higher yield and high yield populations.Weight per stem and sheath and total filling in maturity of super-high yield population were significantly higher than these of higher yield and high yield populations.