Perfil socioeconômico, nutricional e fatores de risco cardiometabólico de pacientes esquizofrênicos em uso de antipsicóticos: uma reflexão para intervenção nutricional

Objective: To characterize the socioeconomic and nutritional profile and cardiometabolic risk factors of patients with schizophrenia treated with antipsychotics at a public hospital in Fortaleza, Ceara. Methods: Quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study of 146 individuals with schizophrenia treated with antipsychotics in a tertiary health care facility in Fortaleza, Ceara. Data were collected in August and September 2012. Sociodemographic interviews and assessment of antipsychotics, clinical examination and anthropometric measurements (weight, height and waist, hip and abdominal circumferences) were carried out. Results: Among the respondents, 44.52% (n=65) were women and 55.48% (n=81) were men. The majority were 20-39 years old, white (n=47; 32,19%), single (n=117; 80.14%), had 1-9 years of education (n=51; 34.93%), were unemployed (n=110; 75.34%) and had an income of up to 1 wage (n=72; 49.32%). According to BMI classification, 25.34% were overweight (n=37) and 28.08% (n=41) were obese. A total of 78.32% of men (n=65) and 92.06% of women (n=58) were at very high risk of cardiovascular disease. In all, 51.22% of men (n=42) and 67.19% (n=43) of women were at risk of developing metabolic diseases. Conclusion: The study showed that most patients were in the productive period of life, were unemployed and had low income. It can be inferred that the majority were overweight and were more likely to develop metabolic disorders.