Mass Screening for Cervical Cancer: Strategies for Reaching High Risk Women in an Urban-Industrial Setting

Mass screening programs for the detection of carcinoma of the cervix have been conducted in Canada (Bryans et al. 1964) and the United States (Calabresi et al. 1958; Burns et al. 1968) since the late 1940s. Such programs gained an increasing popularity worldwide in the 1960s which continued throughout the 1970s. Mass screening for cervical cancer has been an especially emphasized element of public health programs in Scandinavia (Pederson et al. 1971; Hakama and Rasanen-Virtanen 1976; Berget 1975), the United Kingdom (Samson et al. 1971; deBono et al. 1978), Canada (Walton Report 1976), and the United States (Christopherson 1976; Kessler and Aurelian 1975).