Synthesis and Characterization of Some Novel Thiosemicarbazones of Substituted Benzaldehydes and N-(Hepta-O-Acetyl-β-d-Lactosyl)Thiosemicarbazide

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACTA set of reaction conditions, including ionic liquids as catalysts, water as solvent and microwave-assisted heating method, had been investigated for the synthesis of hepta-O-acetyl-β-d-lactosyl thiosemicarbazones. Based on optimized conditions, namely, [HO(CH2)2NH3][OAc] as catalyst, water as solvent and 300 W microwave power, a series of substituted benzaldehyde hepta-O-acetyl-β-d-lactosyl thiosemicarbazones was synthesized by reaction of hepta-O-acetyl-β-d-lactosyl thiosemicarbazide with the corresponding substituted benzaldehydes. The high yields of 90–97% were achieved. Almost all of the obtained thiosemicarbazones exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia in comparison with sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim as drug references and antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in...