Perioperative Analgesia for Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery

Thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy are common outpatient endocrine surgeries characterized by mild to moderate postoperative pain. Perioperative analgesic management is multifaceted, and an individualized approach should be taken with each patient. Preoperative discussion of pain control and postoperative expectations are necessary considerations for optimal analgesic outcome. There is the potential for significant abuse and development of dependence on opioids. Non-opioids such as NSAIDS, acetaminophen, and local anesthetics provide reliable alternatives for analgesic management following thyroid and parathyroid surgery. Although not as well studied, gabapentinoids and ketamine may serve as reliable alternatives as well.