Prostate Biopses :A Five Year Study at a Tertiary Care Centre

The prostate gland is the largest accessory sex organ in the males (1). Prostate gland occupies center stage in the lives of many elderly males. Because of its location at bladder neck, enlargement of the gland leads to problems related to urinary obstruction .Incidence of prostatic disease, Nodular Hyperplasia (NH) and carcinoma increases with age. Recently there has been a significant advance in understanding of various prostatic diseases.  Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common urological condition in        men. The prevalence of BPH increases from 20% at 40 years of age to 90% by the eighth decade of   life(2).  Prostate cancer is an important growing health problem, presenting a challenge to urologists, radiologists and pathologist(3,4). Carcinoma of the prostate is the most common malignant tumor in men over the age of 65 years(5),. Prostatic carcinoma is globally the second most frequently diagnosed cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer death in males (6). In India, it constitutes about 5% of all male cancers (7).  Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), digital rectal examination, and transrectal ultrasound are the tools most commonly used to screen for prostate cancer. However, biopsy remains the gold standard for final diagnosis. Histological diagnosis of prostatic cancer is usually based on morphological features such as growth pattern, nuclear atypia, and absence of basal cells.