Stress parentale in una casistica di soggetti in età evolutiva con disturbo pervasivo dello sviluppo

The autism is a syndrome behavioural caused by a disorder of the development biologically determined, with first professional match in the first 3 years and that continues throughout life. The 3 areas mostly concerned are those relating to disorders of report, communication and language, behaviour. The diagnosis is based on the criteria of DMS-IV, which, being parameters exclusively behavioural makes indispensable the reference to stairs of evaluation and to situations of observation standardized. The treatment of autism is very complex, people are still painfully additional stigmatised because of their characteristics of abnormality and is based on work with the child, therapies and rehabilitative specific educational, pharmacological treatments, work with the school and with parents; treatments to be carried out in a continuous way and complementary manner. Of particular importance is the work with parents that is based on a series of regular meetings to establish an alliance therapeutic in order to withstand the mental suffering and prevent the social isolation. The purpose of our study is to assess the level of stress in parents who have a son with pervasive disorder of the development. This is a Multicenter to which have participated 92 children: 20 OF which related to institute Dosso Verde of Pavia, 37 to Ospedale Fondazione Macchi of Varese and 35 to the Fondazione Casimiro Mondino of Pavia. The research protocol is based on the collection response of the parents using standardized interviews and semistrutturate (GARS, ADI-R), of questionnaires administered to parents individually (CBCL, PBI, AND EuroQol PSI). The child is observed and recorded during the game with parents and with the doctor in environment. The sitting of the game follows the compilation of stairs observational (CARS, BSE and ADOS). Finally is made an assessment clinical and of the level of functioning intellectual (Griffith’s Scale). The study focused on the results obtained by individual parents to parenting stress index (PSI); a questionnaire provides a profile of operation family and parental style. The test is divided into 2 areas: domain of the Child (child domain) and the domain of the parent (parent domain) in turn divided into various when and provides a score on Total Stress. The results show that the stress maternal is significantly higher stress of father, this may depend on various factors, as the fact that mothers spend much time with the Son he often the problems of child and by assuming psychopathological responsible for care and treatment, consequently it may express guilt and of inadequacy. These feelings associated with inability to accept the disabilities of son push parents to refusing them or to them; this behaviour leads to a close of the social relationships contributing to isolation family. The characteristics of the child were found to be an important factor in the development of stress as parental destabilising factor in the report parents-son. In conclusion, it is important to stress that the treatment of disorders pervasive development is based on a complex intervention rehabilitative, intensive and integrated to the child, accompanied by an intervention on the family, to support the parents in their educational task and to activate the better their resources as caregivers.