Experimental evaluation of primary water chemistry for prevention of axial offset anomaly

Abstract A test loop was designed to simulate the operating conditions affecting the axial offset anomaly on the fuel cladding in nuclear power plants. In this study, accelerated simulation tests for deposit formation on the Zirlo cladding surface were performed in a solution containing varying amounts of Li and B with different concentrations of Ni and Fe. The amounts of formed deposit were relatively low in the non-boiling condition, while the amounts of formed deposit were increased in the zone in which the boiling occurred. The external surface showed numerous pores, and the thickness of deposits on the cut surface was approximately 20 μm. In addition, the commercial code, FLUENT 6, was applied to calculate the thermal-hydraulic analysis of nucleated boiling on the simulated AOA water chemistry. SEM, EDX and SIMS were used for surface analysis of the deposit, and the separated deposits were analyzed by ICP-AES and AAS. In conclusion, the water chemistry with operation conditions of 5.0 ppm Li and pH 7.4 was found to produce the least deposit formation on the fuel cladding surface. The current simulated tests may be applied for developing methods for preventing AOA in nuclear power plants.