An experimental research on air-to-water sound transmission in shallow water

In order to learn the air-to-water sound transmission characteristic in shallow water,an experiment was conducted in South China Sea in July 2010.During the experiment,sound pulses sent by a loudspeaker hung on a ship were received by an underwater HLA.The distances between the loudspeaker and the HLA were from 1 km to 4 km. The pulse compression and conventional beam forming are used to increase the signal-noise-ratio.And the air-to-water sound wave transmission loss at the frequencies from 200 Hz to 1000 Hz is estimated.The transmission loss calculated by a wave number integration model is also provided,which is in well agreement with the experimental data.