Synthèse et étude du comportement en milieu aqueux de tensioactifs gémini glycosylés

Dans ce travail nous decrivons la synthese et l'etude des proprietes physico-chimiques de nouveaux composes gemini non ioniques glycosyles hydro-et perfluorocarbones derives du tris(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane. La nature du bras espaceur et des chaines laterales ont ete modulees de maniere a determiner leur impact sur les proprietes d'organisation en milieu aqueux de ces nouveaux tensioactifs. La nature des agregats qu'ils forment dans l'eau a ete etudiee par MET apres coloration negative. La longueur et la rigidite du bras ecarteur semblent jouer un role preponderant sur le type d'organisation forme par ces composes : systeme premicellaire, micelles, vesicules ou agregats divers. Synthesis and study of the behavior of glycosylated gemini surfactants in aqueous media. The work reported herein deals with the synthesis and physico-chemical studies of a new kind of glycosylated non-ionic gemini surfactants. These compounds derive from tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane and bear hydro- or perfluorocarbon tails. The chemical structures of the spacer arm and hydrophobic tails were adjusted in order to specify their impact on the gemini surfactant behavior in aqueous media. The supramolecular systems they form were studied by TEM after negative staining. The length and the rigidity of the spacer arm seem to play a key role in the aggregation behavior of these surfactants in water. With the appropriate modifications, the formation of premicellar associations, micelles, vesicles or various aggregates can be observed.