A Therapeutic Dendritic Cell-Based Vaccine for HIV-1 Infection

At least 8 dendritic cell (DC) immunotherapy clinical trials for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in humans have been published [1–8]. Most of them found that DC immunotherapy elicits some degree of immunological response. In the present double-blinded, controlled, clinical trial, we vaccinated untreated patients with HIV-1 infection with monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MD-DCs) pulsed with heat-inactivated autologous virus.