Determinación de la reserva ovárica mediante el recuento de folículos antrales en mujeres en edad reproductiva

Background: Age plays a crucial role in women fertility and is related with a decreased oocyte quality and quantity. The evidence for this asseveration comes from data obtained in infertile women. However there is a paucity of studies in patients with proven fertility evaluating ovarian reserve and its decline with time. Aim: To measure antral follicle count (AFC) in probed fertile patients and to create a distribution chart based on variables that may affect its natural decline. Material and methods: Observational prospective study. A transvaginal ultrasound was made between menstrual cycle days 3 and 5, evaluating AFC in 100 patients, followed during a year. Results: Median antral follicle count media was 14.5 (interval 3 to 26). There was a lineal decline of AFC with age. Women with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus had significantly less follicles. However, a multiple regression analysis showed that only women’s age was a significant predictor of AFC (R2 = 0.84). Conclusions: There was a lineal relationship between AFC and age in women with probed fertility.