The association between chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease risk factors in atomic bomb survivors.

� 90 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ]; mild (n ¼ 686; eGFR 60–89 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ); moderate (n ¼ 217; eGFR 30–59 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ); or severe (n ¼ 16; eGFR ,30 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ). Also, we diagnosed subjects in the moderate and severe renal dysfunction groups as having CKD (n ¼ 233; eGFR ,59 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ). After adjusting for age, gender, and smoking and drinking habits, we looked for an association between renal dysfunction and hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), hyperlipidemia, and metabolic syndrome (MetS), and between renal dysfunction and A-bomb radiation. Hypertension [odds ratio (OR), 1.57; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.12– 2.20, P ¼ 0.009]; DM (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.23–2.61, P ¼ 0.002); hyperlipidemia (OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.12–2.14, P ¼ 0.008); and MetS (OR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.32–2.63, P , 0.001) were associated with CKD (moderate/severe renal dysfunction), and hyperlipidemia and MetS were also associated with mild renal dysfunction. CKD (OR/Gy, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.01– 1.63, P ¼ 0.038) and severe renal dysfunction (OR/Gy, 3.19; 95% CI, 1.63–6.25, P , 0.001) were significantly associated with radiation dose. CKD associated with radiation may have played a role in the development of CVD among A-bomb survivors. 2013 by Radiation Research Society