THE PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SUDANESE AERVA JAVANICA (BURM.F.) JUSS. EX J.A. SCHULTES

This study deals with the analysis of the phytochemical constituents present in the whole dried plant of Aerva javanica(Burm.f.) Juss. ex J.A. Schultes. The percentage yield was calculated which was found to be 40.7%. The investigation revealed the presence of the following constituent’s anthraquoinones, courmain, flavonoids, diterpenes, triterpenes, saponins, alkaloids, carbohydrates and condensed tannins. Then the extract was fractionated using solvent fractionation starting with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone the acetone fraction was centrifuged and the precipitated was dissolved in 70% ethanol. Each fraction was then analyzed using TLC(thin layer chromatography) with different mobile phases this lead to discovering that in the hexane fraction there were a number of flavonoids, coumarins, terpenes and alkaloids present. The chloroform fraction showed the presence of coumarins, terpenes and alkaloids, the ethyl acetate fraction indicated the presences of flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinones, terpenes and alkaloids, the acetone fraction established the presence of flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinones, terpenes and alkaloids. Finally the 70%ethanolic fraction illustrated the presence of anthraquinones, terpenes and alkaloids. This plant is indigenous to Sudan and is traditionally used for a number of aliments some of its uses for wound healing purposes, removal of swelling,