Preoperative parameters that predict postoperative patient-reported outcome measures and range of motion with anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty

Background Preoperative factors that most influence postoperative outcomes of both anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA) and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) are unknown. The purpose of this study was to identify the preoperative parameters that significantly influence postoperative outcomes of aTSA and rTSA. Methods The outcomes of 1089 aTSA patients and 1332 rTSA patients (mean follow-up period, 49 months) from an international registry with a single platform system were analyzed. A multiple linear regression model with backward stepwise selection identified the preoperative parameters that were significant predictors of postoperative clinical outcome metric scores and motion measures for both rTSA and aTSA. Results For both aTSA and rTSA patients, numerous preoperative parameters that influence postoperative outcomes were identified. Greater postoperative range of motion (ROM) was significantly influenced by greater preoperative ROM. For aTSA, greater postoperative American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores were significantly influenced by greater preoperative ASES scores, no history of shoulder surgery, and the presence of greater preoperative active external rotation. For rTSA, greater postoperative ASES scores were significantly influenced by greater preoperative ASES scores, no history of shoulder surgery, no history of tobacco use, less preoperative passive external rotation, and greater preoperative active external rotation. Conclusions This study quantified the preoperative predictors of postoperative clinical outcome metric scores and ROM for both aTSA and rTSA. Numerous significant associations were identified, including demographic and comorbidity risk factors. These associations may be helpful for surgeons to consider when counseling patients regarding aTSA versus rTSA and to establish more accurate expectations prior to surgery.