Fabrication, mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of elastomeric nanofibrous mats of poly(glycerol sebacate)

Abstract It is often difficult to achieve a satisfactory balance of compliance and biocompatibility simultaneously in a pure elastomeric material. In this work, we successfully fabricated an elastomeric fibrous mat from poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) with a 2:3 mol ratio of glycerol to sebacic acid, using the core/shell electrospinning technology of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a temporary shell and PGS prepolymer as the core. After the core/shell electrospinning, the PGS core was crosslinked by thermal treatment and the PVA shell was partially removed by dissolution in water. The resulting PGS fibre mat was as soft as many soft tissues (e.g., muscle), and demonstrated nonlinear, J-shaped stress–strain curves (the slope continuously increased with increasing strain) when saturated with water. In vitro evaluations showed that the spun PGS 2:3 mat had good cytocompatibility, better than the culture medium and the control material, PLLA fibrous mat. Hence, the newly developed electrospun PGS 2:3 fibre mats may offer a much better choice of scaffolds than existing products for engineering of soft tissues working in dynamic conditions.