ROOTSTOCK-SCION INTERACTION: 1. EFFECT ON THE YIELD COMPONENTS OF CABERNET SAUVIGNON GRAPEVINE

2017 
RESUMO ? A interacao entre porta-enxerto, copa e meio ambiente pode induzir diferentes respostas a fisiologia da videira. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o efeito do porta-enxerto nos componentes de producao da videira Cabernet Sauvignon (CS) cultivada na regiao vitivinicola da Serra Gaucha. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com 15 tratamentos, tres repeticoes e dez plantas por parcela. Os resultados mostram que todas as variaveis avaliadas foram significativamente afetadas pelo ano e pelo porta-enxerto. A combinacao CS/Solferino esta entre as combinacoes que foram afetadas significativamente e apresentaram maior produtividade/planta. De fato, ela foi superior a CS/Rupestris du Lot, CS/101-14 Mgt., CS/3309 C, CS/5BB K, CS/161-49 C, CS/1103P e CS/Isabel. O numero de cachos por gema, por gema brotada e por planta e o peso por cacho tambem foram afetados significativamente pelo ano e pelo porta-enxerto. O peso da poda/planta, a producao/peso da poda, a area foliar/planta, o indice de area foliar e a area foliar/peso de frutos frescos sao variaveis relacionadas a fisiologia da videira que tambem foram afetadas pelo porta-enxerto. Em geral, os porta-enxertos adaptaram-se bem ao ambiente em que foi conduzido o trabalho, transmitindo vigor e alta produtividade a videira Cabernet Sauvignon, o que significa que eles podem ser usados por viticultores dessa regiao. No entanto, a escolha do porta-enxerto depende de varios aspectos, tais como os relacionados as caracteristicas do solo, condicoes climaticas, cultivares de uva, e ate mesmo clones, e propositos da producao.Termos para indexacao: uva, Vitis vinifera, enxertia, producao. ABSTRACT − The interaction between rootstock, scion and environment can induce different responses to the grapevine physiology. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the rootstock effect on the yield components of Cabernet Sauvignon (CS) grapevine grown in the Serra Gaucha viticultural region. The experimental design was completely randomized blocks, with 15 treatments, three replicates and ten vines per plot. The results show that all variables evaluated were significantly affected by the year and the rootstock. The CS/Solferino was among other combinations influenced by the year and had higher significant yield/vine. Indeed, it was higher than that CS/Rupestris du Lot, CS/101-14 Mgt., CS/3309 C, CS/5BB K, CS/161-49 C, CS/1103 P. and CS/Isabel. The number of clusters/bud, per burst bud and per vine and the weight of clusters were affected by the rootstock as well. Pruning weight/vine, yield/pruning weight, leaf area/vine, leaf area index and leaf area/fresh fruit weight are variables related to the physiology of grapevine which were also affected by the rootstock. In general, rootstocks had adapted well to the environment where the experiment was carried out, giving vigor and high yield to Cabernet Sauvignon grapevine, which means that they may be used by grape growers in this region. However, the choice of the right rootstock depends on various aspects, such as those related to the soil characteristics, climate conditions, grape varieties, and even clones, and production purposes. Index terms: grape, Vitis vinifera, grafting, production.
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