Костнопластические биоматериалы и их физико-механические свойства

Objective. To perform comparative study of composition and strength properties of osteoplastic biomaterials subjected to technological processing. Material and Methods. Specimens of native (initial) and deproteinized bone tissue were analyzed. Strength properties of specimens were studied by single-axis static extension with automatic recording of load curves. Load-extension curves were used to calculate mechanical parameters: proportionality limit, strength limit, relative deformation before destruction, and the Young’s module. Dependence between a processing type and changes in the surface morphology, element composition, overall dimensions, and dry weight of specimens was identified. Results. All bone tissue specimens had small amount of deformation typical for fragile materials – 1 %. Proportionality limit for native bone tissue was 27 MPa, and that for deproteinized tissue –29 MPa. Strength limit did bone on the type of chemical processing of tissue and had the value of 80–90 MPa. Collagen presence influenced the Young’s module which was 110 MPa in deproteinized bone tissue, two-fold decreased from that in initial bone tissue (230 MPa). Topography of specimens and fracture surfaces were more pronounced after deproteinization. Conclusion. The study of physical and mechanical properties and composition of compact bone specimens gives an understanding of processing type influence on bone tissue structure and properties.