Histopathological characteristics of breast cancer and evaluation of ER alpha and Her-2neu using immunohistochemical and RT-PCR techniques

Background and purpose: Oestrogen receptor (ER) and HER (human epidermal growth factor receptor) family signaling pathways are fundamental to guide treatment and determine prog- nosis. Categorizing breast cancer tumors as ER and Her-2 positive or negative is usually performed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), however the technique lacks standardization in handling tissues, staining techniques, and scoring systems. The current study aimed to compare the conventional IHC and the RT-PCR techniques in assessing the ER-alpha status in breast cancer. It also validates the application of RT-PCR technique in detecting the Her-2/neu status. Subjects and methods: The study included 40 patients with IDC (NOS) (invasive ductal carcinoma; not otherwise specified). Breast tissue specimens were collected at the time of the elective surgery. Specimens were subjected to routine pathological examinations. ER alpha and PR receptor status; assessed by immunohistochemical staining. RNA was extracted, reverse transcribed, and amplified