Treasure hunt in the mediastinum lesions or lung lesions by EBUS-TBNA or EUS-B-FNA : A road map for the best route

Backgrounds: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) and endoscopic ultrasound with an echobronchoscope guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-B-FNA) are useful modalities in the evaluation of mediastinal lymphadenopathy (LAP) and pulmonary lesions in adults; however, a guided on how to choose a best one from these two methods is limited. Methods: 43 Consecutive patients with mediastinum LAP underwent EUS-B-FNA with or without EBUS-TBNA (EUS-B group) from January 2017 to December 2019. We matched another 44 patients with mediastinum LAP underwent EBUS-TBNA alone randomly (TBNA group). We tried to identify the independent clinical characteristics of these patients who needed to undergo EUS-B-FNA for the target lesion assessment. Results: The LAP size in the EUS-B group is larger than those in the EBUS-TBNA group (3.47 cm vs 2.93 cm; p Conclusion: EBUS-TBNA and EUS-B-FNA are safe techniques in the assessment of patients with mediastinum LAP or lung lesions. We choice the best one from these two methods based on the location of target lesions, airway narrowing or not, and the availability of ROSE.