Method and device for carrying out identification of bank notes based on spectrum analysis technique

The invention discloses a method and a device for carrying out identification of bank notes based on a spectrum analysis technique. The device comprises a light source, a bank-note passing channel, a monochromator, a photosensitive sensor, a signal amplifier and a digital processing unit, wherein a chromatic dispersion element in the monochromator is a diffraction grating, a prism, or an optical filter with a spectral resolution. The method comprises the following steps of: carrying out chromatic dispersion on reflected and transmitted light rays of a bank note by the monochromator; receiving the light intensity of each waveband by a receiving sensor so as to obtain reflected and transmitted spectral data of each waveband; carrying out relative analysis according to the data of a to-be-discriminated bank note and the data of a standard bank note, thereby obtaining relative coefficients; and discriminating whether the bank note is true and false according to the relative coefficients.