Parametric Study of Stacked Patch Array Configurations as Alternative Feeds for Offset Reflectors

A potential feed for the 12 m reflector antenna system was assessed for use in radiometer-scatterometer system to study soil moisture. The reflector system calls for seven feeds that can operate at 1.413 GHz and 1.26 GHz frequencies with one feed at the focus of the reflector and the other six forming a ring around the focus. Numerous configurations of patch arrays were studied and a hexagonal configuration consisting of seven elements with 0.76lambda at 1.413 GHz spacing and tapered excitation on the outer ring was selected as the best design. Optimized hexagonal array has a similar pattern to the optimized corrugated horn at both frequencies and at all seven feed locations