Spanish microgrids: current problems and future solutions

Some years ago microgrids (μ-grids) became the most promising solution to the problems of the current electric system. There are many studies that demonstrate the advantages of using μ-grids, among which the following can be highlighted: microgrids can improve power quality inside and outside them; supply reliability of the internal loads is higher [1][2]; and the generalization of μ-grids could extend the usage of distributed generation (DG) systems. Despite being very extended in the scientific and engineering world, the μ-grid concept is not usual in the ordinary world. Proof of this is that current electric legislation does not include their usage. Prior to its spread, μ-grids must have an appropriate legal and economic environment. Through this text, the authors would like to show the legal limitations that the μ-grids usage will find in Spain and the solutions that are applied in other countries and states. The final objective of this paper is to present a legal and economic framework that would promote the development of μgrids in Spain.