Outdoor Environment of the Monuments in the Necropoleis

A study of the ambient air, soil, vegetation, and biogenic layers on the surface of the monuments was carried out in order to identify environmental factors that have an adverse effect on the condition of the monuments in the Museum necropoleis. It was found out that the corrosivity of the air at the Necropoleis corresponds to the medium category C3 and gradually decreases (primarily due to a reduction in the sulfur dioxide content). The soil near the monuments is another source of contamination of their surface, occurring with the participation of various microorganisms. Selective accumulation of miscellaneous elements on the surface of monuments from the environment and low-molecular organic substances depends, above all, on the species composition of the lithobiont community. The presence of woody plants produces microclimate effects in different parts of the Necropoleis, which has a significant impact on the condition of the monuments.