Prevalence, clinical correlates, and outcomes of anaemia in multi‐ethnic Asian patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

AimsRecent international heart failure (HF) guidelines recognize anaemia as an important comorbidity contributing to poor outcomes in HF, based on data mainly from Western populations. We sought to determine the prevalence, clinical correlates, and prognostic impact of anaemia in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction across Asia. Methods and resultsWe prospectively studied 3886 Asian patients (6013years, 21% women) with HF (ejection fraction 40%) from 11 regions in the Asian Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure study. Anaemia was defined as haemoglobin ConclusionsAnaemia is present in a third to more than half of Asian patients with HF and adversely impacts quality of life and survival. Ethnic differences exist wherein prevalence is highest among Indians, and survival is most severely impacted by anaemia in Japanese/Koreans.