Relational Service Composition

The present invention discloses the doping of rare earth elements into porous silicon, resulting in enhancement of luminescence. The doping is an electro-chemical process using constant voltage bias across the two electrodes in which the (anode) cathode is porous silicon and the (cathode) anode is platinum. The doping process involves a well-defined solution of electrolytes that controls the conductivity of the solution, and set values of constant voltages that selectively allow the desired rare earth elements being doped into porous silicon.