Providing Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine Type I to Newborns: Findings from a Pilot Birth-Dose Project in Moradabad District, India/ Delivrance Du Vaccin Antipoliomyelitique Oral Monovalent Type 1 Aux Nouveau-Nes : Resultats D'un Projet Pilote Prevoyant L'administration a la Naissance D'une Premiere Dose De Ce Vaccin Dans le District De Moradabad,

Providing monovalent oral polio vaccine type I to newborns: findings from a pilot birth-dose project in Moradabad district, India/ Delivrance du vaccin antipoliomyelitique oral monovalent type 1 aux nouveau-nes : resultats d'un projet pilote prevoyant l'administration a la naissance d'une premiere dose de ce vaccin dans le district de Moradabad, en Inde/Uso de la vacuna antipoliomielitica oral monovalente de tipo 1 en recien nacidos ... Une traduction en francais de ce resume figure a la fin de l'article. Al final del articulo se facilita una traduccion al espanol. [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] Introduction Despite repeated campaigns using oral polio vaccine (OPV), wild poliovirus (WPV) transmission continued in certain high-risk areas of India, particularly in western parts of Uttar Pradesh, during 2005 and 2006. Young children After reviewing the status of polio eradication in India in May 2006, the India Expert Advisory Group for Polio Eradication recommended a new intervention, the targeted administration of monovalent OPV type 1 (mOPV1) at birth in western Uttar Pradesh communities with ongoing poliovirus transmission. Monovalent OPV1 was recommended due to its greater efficacy against WPV1 compared with trivalent OPV; (8) 96% of polio cases in western Uttar Pradesh during 2005 and 2006 were due to WPV1 and 77% were in rural areas. (9) In July 2006, the Government of India and the WHO National Polio Surveillance Project, in collaboration with the United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF), conducted a birth-dose pilot project in high-risk areas of Moradabad district in western Uttar Pradesh. Methods Local setting Moradabad district is a densely populated region in western Uttar Pradesh that has had continuing WPV transmission despite ongoing polio eradication efforts, including supplemental immunization activity (SIA) targeting all children aged Approach The pilot project aimed to vaccinate all newborns with a dose of mOPV1 within 72 hours of birth in selected project areas. Implementation consisted of two phases: (i) identification and documentation of all newborns, and (ii) vaccination of identified newborns. Focal persons and vaccine delivery coordinators were recruited to perform these activities. In rural villages in Kunderki block, Angandwadi workers (AWWs) and Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA workers) served as project focal persons. Both AWWs and ASHAs work in community health education and service delivery programmes and could provide information on new births in the village or neighbourhood. …