10.7251/AGSY1303630K ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF XANTHIUM STRUMARIUM L. AND ABUTHILON THEOPHRASTI MED. EXTRACTS ON GERMINATION OF MAIZE AND SOYBEAN SEED

During 2012 allelopathic effects of Xanthium strumariumL. and Abutilon theophrastiMed. extracts to germination and initial development of maize ( Zea mays L.), and soybean (Glycine max L.) were studied in laboratory conditions. In addition to the Water extracts out of dry mass of the tested weed species, extracts made by use of hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol in different concentrations were also used. The applied concentrations were 10, 20, 30 and 40 g/l of dry matter made out of weed species in the 3-4 leaf stage of development. Inhibiting effect of water extract from dry matter of Xanthium strumarium(L.) and methanol extract from which methanol part was evaporated to maize seed epicotyls and hypocotyls length was established. In comparison to the control, the maximum concentration of 40 g / l of the extract made from Water solution of Abutilon theophrasti Med. showed inhibitory effect on soybean seed ep icotyls and hypocotyls length. The study was conducted in a randomized block design with 4 repl ications during which 25 seeds of maize and soybean were laid into Petri dishes. The applied extracts made out of dry matter of the both of the studied weed species Xanthium strumarium (L.) and Abutilon theophrasti Med. reduced maize seed germination for 14.8-26.83% and soybean seed germination for 18.5-35.82%, in comparison to the control in which it was 95% and 92%, respectively. After germination in a climate chamber, e picotyls‚ and hypocotyls‚ length of maize and soybean seeds was measured three, six and ten days following spraying by extracts.