GABAergic regulation of cerebellar NG2 cell development is altered in perinatal white matter injury.

The authors show that chronic neonatal hypoxia reduces GABAA receptor–mediated signaling to oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the cerebellar white matter and enhances their proliferation, delays oligodendrocyte maturation and disrupts myelination. Following hypoxia, treatment with a GABA uptake blocker restores myelination.