Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Prevalence Among Patients With Celiac Disease in the United States: An Observational Study

Abstract Objective To assess the prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) by age and sex in patients with celiac disease and to determine associations between ASCVD and celiac disease. Patients and Methods This is a retrospective cohort study which included adults (>18 years old) who had hospitalizations recorded in the National Inpatient Sample database in the United States from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2014. Patients with celiac disease were matched (1:5) by age, sex, race, and calendar year to patients without celiac disease. Prevalence of ASCVD was calculated in patients with celiac disease and controls, and compared by sex and age groups. Associations between celiac disease and ASCVD were determined after adjustment for common cardiovascular risk factors. Results Among 371,776,860 patients hospitalized in the United States between 2005 and 2014, 227,172 adults with celiac disease were matched to 1,133,701 controls. Young women with celiac disease (age Conclusion We found significantly higher prevalence and adjusted odds of ASCVD in young women with celiac disease when compared with matched controls. ASCVD was associated with significant mortality among patients with celiac disease.