Biocompatibility of Nanofibrous Scaffolds with Different Concentrations of PLA/Hydroxyapatite

In tissue engineering field to achieve tissue regeneration, there is particular interest in the manufacturing of new functional biomaterials capable of stimulating the biological response needed to restore the functions of damaged tissue. Recently, several strategies in attempt to mimic the extracellular matrix of the tissues of the human body by synthesized new biomaterials are focusing using nanotechnology. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to synthesize and evaluate the response of the biocompatibility of nanofibrilar scaffold with different concentrations of PLA doped with hydroxyapatite. Scaffolds of PLA were synthesized using the air jet spinning (AJS) technology from different concentrations of 6, 7, and 10% of PLA polymeric solutions (w/v) in chloroform/ethanol in a 3:1 ratio (v/v), and for the synthesis of the composite scaffolds to the polymeric solutions were added 0.1g of hydroxyapatite. The biocompatibility of PLA nanofibers scaffolds and PLA/HA nanofiber composite were assessed by analyzing the response of cell adhesion, cell viability and cell-material interaction using mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow (BM-MSC). The results indicate that the cell response related to biocompatibility by the BM-MSC cells was increased in the PLA/HA nanofiber composites when compared to PLA nanofiber scaffolds showing statistically significant differences (p <0.05). In conclusion, AJS technique allows synthesizing nanofibers spun mats that could have a direct application in the field of bone guide tissue engineering in the dental clinic because of its biocompatibility and easy scaffold design.