Insecticide resistance in pollen beetles over 7 years – a landscape approach

BACKGROUND In spite of considerable interest in the impact of pesticides on pest populations, few attempts have been made to link resistance patterns of insect pests to land-use features across spatial and temporal scales. We hypothesise that pollen beetle pesticide resistance increases in areas with a high proportion of oilseed rape and with an even mixture of winter and spring oilseed rape owing to high pesticide selection pressure in such areas. RESULTS Here, we investigated 7 years of lambda-cyhalothrin (Karate®) resistance in field-collected pollen beetle adults from a total of 180 sampling points across ten regions in Sweden. We found a positive effect on pollen beetle pesticide resistance of proportion of oilseed rape and even spring–winter oilseed rape mixture. However, this was true only for the regional spatial scale. Significant land-use effects in the long-term models, with oilseed rape data averaged over a longer (4 years) period of time, suggested an effect of regional landscape history on current pest resistance. CONCLUSION For successful control of pollen beetle pesticide resistance, we suggest a long-term regional strategy for oilseed rape management. This land-use approach provides a framework for further investigations that integrate resistance management into landscape research. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry