A Close Relationship between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Gastric Xanthoma

Background: Although the pathogenesis of gastric xanthoma (GX) remains unclear, an association of GX with atrophic gastritis has been reported. Helicobacter pylori is closely related to atrophic gastritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among GX, H. pylori, and atrophic gastritis. Methods: Sixty-seven patients with GX were assessed for H. pylori infection by serum anti-H. pylori IgG antibody, in addition to the rapid urease test, culture, and histologic examination using biopsy specimens of the antrum and corpus. The findings were compared with 67 age- and sex-matched control subjects without GX. The distribution of atrophic gastritis was assessed endoscopically. The severity of atrophic gastritis was determined endoscopically and histologically. Serum pepsinogen (PG) levels were also measured. Immunohistochemical staining of GX samples for H. pylori antigen was performed. H. pylori clinical isolates from patients with GX and controls were assessed for cagA by means of polymeras...