Toxic encephalopathy due to paradichlorobenzene toxicity: a case report and review of imaging characteristics

Neurotoxicity following paradichlorobenzene (PDCB) exposure is rare and can occur in patients with pica and mothball or toilet cake ingestion. We present a rare case of toxic encephalopathy due to PDCB mothball inhalation and ingestion and describe the rapidly progressive leukoencephalopathy seen on computed tomography, magnetic resonance, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Given the nonspecificity of clinical and imaging findings, it is important for radiologists to maintain a high index of suspicion for toxic encephalopathy.