Influence of nonadiabatic, nondipole and quantum effects on the attoclock signal

The attoclock is an important tool offering the capability to time resolve tunneling ionization. In this article, we systematically study the influence of nonadiabatic, nondipole and quantum effects on the attoclock signal. In contrast to previous studies, where a single peak offset angle is used to represent the attoclock information, we survey the whole momentum distribution of the attoclock signal. We find that nonadiabaticity affects the overall momentum distribution, the quantum effect of intercycle interference changes substantially the attoclock offset angle, and the nondipole effect plays a negligible role in the attoclock signal in the polarization plane. The present study is essential for a quantitatively correct interpretation of the attoclock experimental results.