Cobertura vacinal está relacionada à menor mortalidade por doenças respiratórias Vaccine coverage related to lower mortality for respiratory diseases

Respiratory infections are a group of diseases commonly related to the elderly, since the influenza virus is one of the main etiological agents. Vaccination of these individuals is con- sidered by the World Health Organization to be the most effective strategy to reduce morbidity and mortality from the disease. Brazil has sought in recent years to vaccinate 80% of the target population. This study sought to relate the vacci- nation coverage for influenza and the mortality rate from respiratory diseases in the elderly. This was a cross-sectional study with secondary data analysis. Data on vaccination coverage in 2010 of the 496 municipalities of the elderly in Rio Grande do Sul were obtained from the website of the National Immunization Program and mor- tality in the Mortality Information System. The results showed that 49% of municipalities reached the target of 80% of seniors vaccinated. In mu- nicipalities with below target vaccination cover- age, the number of deaths was 5.2 per 1,000 elder- ly. This average is significantly higher than in municipalities with coverage equal to or above 80%. The conclusion is that the target proposed by the Brazilian Ministry of Health to vaccinate 80% or more of the elderly is effective in reducing mortality from respiratory diseases. Key words Vaccination of the elderly, Vaccine coverage, Primary prevention, Mortality, Respi- ratory disease