Ultrasound Guidance Versus Electrical Stimulation for Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Perineural Catheter Insertion

Electrical stimulation (ES)- and ultrasound-guided placement tech-niques have been described for infraclavicular brachial plexus perineural cathetersbut to our knowledge have never been previously compared in a randomizedfashion, leaving the optimal method undetermined. We tested the hypothesis thatinfraclavicular catheters placed via ultrasound guidance alone require less time forplacement and produce equivalent results compared with catheters placed solelyvia ES.