Video coding and decoding method and device based on dictionary database

Provided is a video coding and decoding method and device based on a dictionary database. The video coding method comprises the steps that a current image frame to be coded in a video stream is divided into a plurality of image blocks; coding distortion information of a decoding reconstructed image which is previous to be current image frame is restored in a vein dictionary database mode so that an image with the coding distortion information restored can be obtained , the image obtained after the coding distortion information is restored is used as a reference image to carry out time domain prediction, and a prediction block of a block to be coded is obtained; the vein dictionary database comprises a sharp image dictionary and a distorted image dictionary corresponding to the sharp image dictionary; the block to be coded is subtracted by the prediction block to obtain a residual block, and the residual block is processed to obtain a video code stream. According to the video coding and decoding method and device based on the dictionary database, the coding distortion information which serves as the reference image used for predicting the block to be coded (the block to be decoded) is restored in the vein dictionary database mode, as a result, the prediction block of the block to be coded (the block to be decoded) is more accurate, and coding and decoding efficiency is improved.