LONG RANGE MOVEMENTS AS AN ADAPTIVE STRATEGY IN THE GENUS HELIOTHIS (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE): AN OVERVIEW OF ITS OCCURRENCE AND DETECTION IN FOUR PEST SPECIES

Four species in the genus of noctuid moths, Heliothis, are major agricultural pests throughout the world. We propose that their pest status is due, in part, to their capacity for long-range movement. This review discusses movement as an adaptive strategy in these moths, details the evidence for and against migratory movements, and evaluates techniques that can be used to investigate movement over long range.