Automotive Diesel Engine Development Trends

Since the invention of the diesel engine by Rudolf Diesel, the diesel technology has evolved to a point where this engine concept can be found in small engines for power generation to automotive applications up to large trucks, large bore ships/locomotives, and other industrial engine applications. With its superior fuel consumption over any other internal reciprocating combustion engine, it has become a prime choice for passenger car and light-duty trucks all over the world. Despite the introduction of continuously more stringent emissions legislation, the development of new innovative technologies in the area of emissions, controls, sensors, and materials has allowed the diesel engine to remain competitive and maintain its position in the marketplace. This chapter highlights the historic background and current and future technologies for automotive diesel engine applications focusing on all important aspects such as emissions, fuel economy, fuels, design and materials, combustion system configurations, and fuel injection systems and their relevance to meeting future targets. Keywords: diesel engine; emissions; fuel economy; fuel consumption; diesel combustion system