Procedure for the quantification of the biomarker (2-methoxyethoxy)acetic acid in human urine samples

Abstract An accurate and precise procedure was developed for the detection and quantification of (2-methoxyethoxy)acetic acid (MEAA), a metabolite and biomarker for human exposure to 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol. The compound 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol has a wide array of industrial applications including its use as an additive in military jet fuel. Exposure to 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol is a health concern owing to its toxicity which includes developmental and teratogenic properties. Sample preparation consisted of liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) and esterification of MEAA to produce the ethyl ester. Measurement was by a gas chromatograph (GC) equipped with a mass selective detector (MSD) using a HP-1 capillary column. Recovery studies of spiked blank urine demonstrated good accuracy and precision; recovery varied between 95 and 103% with relative standard deviations of 8.6% and less. The limit of detection (LOD) for this procedure was found to range from 0.02 to 0.08 μg/ml equivalent levels of MEAA in urine. These data and other aspects of the validation of this procedure will be discussed.