IDENTIFICATION OF FINANCIAL RENT: FROM THEORY OF RENT TO ITS ACCOUNTING

Research of issues related to financial leasing has occupied a prominent position in economic science since the mid-20th century in countries with market economies due to the growing role of financial capital and formation of the stock market. Due to its significance, the concept of financial rent was investigated in the context of the development of neoclassical economic theory, its modern modifications, as well as the management theory. Some issues of financial rent were developed within the classical theory - the concept of ideal capital markets. The issues of the nature and types of financial rent are covered from the standpoint of financial mathematics. Some scientists believe that financial rent is a type of economic rent, so it should be reflected in the accounting. Inadequate attention to rent significantly increases the risk of an uncertain estimate of the financial condition of enterprises, and affects the objectivity and efficiency of making managerial decisions. As a result, there is a need for the development of theoretical and methodological, organizational and practical provisions of rent accounting, which will allow forming comprehensive and reliable information for management of a business entity. The purpose of the research consists in the development of recommendations for the reflection of financial rent in the accounting system, the achievement of which has been accomplished by solving the tasks: determination of significant differences in understanding of financial rent in the theory of finance and rent in economic theory; identification of the type of resource that will produce financial rent; formulation of approaches to its valuation and accounting. The methodological basis of the research consists in the historical and logical method used to research rent by financial science and economic theory. The dialectical method and comparative analysis have been used to identify significant differences in the rent definition, formed at different stages of the development of economic relations, as well as the concepts of "corporate finance", "financial resources" and "financial instruments". Methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, abstraction, idealization and generalization are used to identify the resource that forms financial rent, as well as to provide recommendations for its valuation and accounting. It is established that the concept of financial rent in financial science is not correlated with the concept of economic rent, but it is worth considering financial rent as an excess profit that should be reflected in the information system to ensure the effectiveness of further management decisions. The identification of the financial resources for the purposes of their accounting allowed determining the type of financial instruments, as well as operations that will form financial rent. The author's approaches to the recognition of financial rent as an object of accounting are presented, and the organizational and methodical provisions of the accounting of financial rent are developed, in particular, the procedure for determining the amount of financial rent and the order of its reflection at the accounts, depending on the sources of its formation, is proposed. The practical significance consists in increase of the informativeness of the accounting system for management personnel with the object of enterprise performance management. Significance / originality. The main advantage of the research is to prove the need for consideration of financial rent as an economic rent with its subsequent reflection at the accounts.