키위 재배지 생육기 기상과 과실특성

The state of weather conditions is an important factor that directly or indirectly affects the quantity and quality of fruit during the process of its cultivation. Unlike in the past, due to the currently wider range of fluctuations in the minimum temperatures during the period from March to April, fruits that bloom earlier in the season often suffer from poor fruiting outcomes due to severe frost damage. In addition, heatwaves occur more frequently in summer, and there is an additionally high probability of these weather patterns having a negative impact on fruit growth and quality when conditions are frequently cloudy and rainy, as observed during this year. This study investigated temperature changes and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) during the post-bud sprout period from April to October in two kiwifruit orchards for a period three years from 2015 to 2017. In addition, the effects of differences in weather conditions between the annual periods on fruit quality were investigated by examining the characteristics of eating-ripe fruits. In 2016 and 2017, the average temperature between June and September was about 1-2oC higher than in 2015, particularly in July and August, which was about 2oC higher than in 2015. As a result of measuring the PAR, the Sacheon area, which is an open field undergoing cultivation, averaged more than 300 μmol PAR m-2 s-1 between April and August 2015, but less than 300 μmol PAR m-2 s-1 in 2016 and September and October 2017. Bosung, a rain-sheltered orchard, was less than 300 μmol PAR m-2 s-1 throughout the growing season, especially in September and October from 2015 to 2017. The quality of fruits produced in Bosung, which lacked PAR, was low as a result of the cultivation and harvesting of the new kiwifruit cultivars of ‘Garmrok’ and ‘Goldone,’ released by the Rural Development Administration.