Increased Metabolic Disorders and Impaired Insulin Secretory Function in the First-Degree Relatives of Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Normal Glucose Tolerance

Abstract Objective: To compare the metabolic status and pancreatic β-cell function in first-degree relatives (FDRs) of type 2 diabetic patients with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Materials and Methods: Three hundred twelve subjects, who were NGT-FDR of type 2 diabetic patients and 1348 subjects, who were NGT individuals with no family history of diabetes, were defined as NGT-FDRs and NGT-controls (NGT-C), respectively. Blood pressure, body weight, waist circumference, plasma glucose, lipid profile, and insulin levels were measured in all subjects. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), HOMA-β, insulin sensitivity index (ISI), and disposition index (DI) was used to evaluate insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity. Results: The HOMA-IR and HOMA-β indices were significantly higher in the NGT-FDR group relative to the NGT-C, while the ISI, DI, and ΔI30/ΔG30 were lower (P < 0.05). The prevalence rate of greater than or equal to three metabolic disorders was higher in the NGT-FDR gro...