nNon-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease: opening new avenues in treatment

Abstract Traditionally, the term Parkinsonism in Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by its paradigmatic features that comprise of motor abnormalities. Due to lack of awareness about non-motor abnormalities in PD, this category received little attention to date and it seems a long way when non-motor abnormalities would be also categorized in PD. Recently, non-motor abnormalities in PD are considered as the "the dark horse" that may lead to progression of un-revertible symptoms of the disease. Here, in this review, we have provided an overview of various non-motor symptoms, their consequence and assessment and management approaches in practice until now for curing the PD.