Mapeamento da qualidade da água de abastecimento público no nordeste do estado de São Paulo (Brasil)

This paper presents data obtained on microbiological and physico-chemical analysis of 4347 public water supply samples from 88 municipalities in the Northeast region of the state of Sao Paulo, carried out within a year. In microbiological analysis, 288 samples showed positive results for indicator microorganisms, occurring an increase of 80% in the rainy season compared with the dry period. Physico-chemical analysis: in 1514 samples, lithium concentration was equal to or higher than the detection limit of the method; the nitrate concentration was greater than the maximum value allowed in 17 samples; 1730 samples showed fluoride content out-of-range of drinking pattern; bromate concentration was greater than the maximum value allowed in 16 samples; the pH value was outside the range recommended in 161 samples; 292 samples showed levels of free residual chlorine (FRC) outside the recommended range; 17 samples showed apparent color values above the maximum allowed; 13 samples showed turbidity values above the maximum allowed. By means of principal components analysis, it was possible to discriminate the waters of the region, with the formation of groups of municipalities with similar physico-chemical profiles, generating a mapping based on prominent variables.